Using transitional words or phrases

Transitional words or phrases help connect ideas together and give writing coherence. Charts like these help us select from the different transitional words available to writers.

LOGICAL RELATIONSHIP	TRANSITIONAL EXPRESSION
Similarity	also, in the same way, just as … so too, likewise, similar
Exception/Contrast	but, however, in spite of, on the one hand … on the other hand, nevertheless, nonetheless, notwithstanding, in contrast, on the contrary, still, yet
Sequence/Order	first, second, third, … next, then, finally
Time	after, afterward, at last, before, currently, during, earlier, immediately, later, meanwhile, now, recently, simultaneously, subsequently, then
Example	for example, for instance, namely, specifically, to illustrate, such as
Emphasis	even, indeed, in fact, of course, truly
Place/Position	above, adjacent, below, beyond, here, in front, in back, nearby, there
Cause and Effect	accordingly, consequently, hence, so, therefore, thus
Additional Support or Evidence	In addition, additionally, again, also, and, as well, besides, equally important, further, furthermore, in addition, moreover, then
Conclusion/Summary	finally, in brief, briefly, in conclusion, in the end, in the final analysis, on the whole, thus, to conclude, to summarise, to sum up, in summary,

Fill in the blanks with a transitional word or phrase from the table above

Ethical questions require moral reflection _____ making evaluations and judgments about responsibilities, basic rights and consequences. __________, climate change has become an ethical issue for the leaders of the world. An article by Nasa states ______ that “global climate change has already had observable effects on the environment. Glaciers have shrunk, ice on rivers and lakes is breaking up earlier, plant and animal ranges have shifted and trees are flowering sooner”. This increasing lack of biodiversity in the world and destruction of nature has become an ethical issue. _________, the bush fire that happened in Australia which started in June 2019 and ended in March 2020  has caused further damage to our ozone layer and nature. _________ in the article “ Ten impacts of the Australian bush fires” on the UN environment programme website, three out of ten impacts deal directly with the destruction of nature and the rest focus on its impact on people mentioning nature indirectly. ______ facts like “The world’s terrestrial biodiversity is concentrated in forests: they are home to more than 80 per cent of all terrestrial species of animals, plants and insects. _______, when forests burn, the biodiversity on which humans depend for their long-term survival also disappears in the inferno. With over 1 million species currently facing extinction if we continue with business as usual, extreme weather events such as megafires become an increasing matter of concern for species survival” tell us this is an ethical issue that cannot wait. ______ we need to ask the question whose responsibility is it to protect nature? 

Answers:

Ethical questions require moral reflection such as making evaluations and judgments about responsibilities, basic rights and consequences. Currently, climate change has become an ethical issue for the leaders of the world. An article by Nasa states specially, that "global climate change has already had observable effects on the environment. Glaciers have shrunk, ice on rivers and lakes is breaking up earlier, plant and animal ranges have shifted and trees are flowering sooner”. This increasing lack of biodiversity in the world and destruction of nature has become an ethical issue. In addition, the bush fire that happened in Australia which started in June 2019 and ended in March 2020  has caused further damage to our ozone layer and nature. Furthermore in the article “ Ten impacts of the Australian bush fires” on the UN environment programme website, three out of ten impacts deal directly with the destruction of nature and the rest focus on its impact on people mentioning nature indirectly. Similar facts like “The world’s terrestrial biodiversity is concentrated in forests: they are home to more than 80 per cent of all terrestrial species of animals, plants and insects. So, when forests burn, the biodiversity on which humans depend for their long-term survival also disappears in the inferno. With over 1 million species currently facing extinction if we continue with business as usual, extreme weather events such as megafires become an increasing matter of concern for species survival” tell us this is an ethical issue that cannot wait. In the final analysis, we need to ask the question whose responsibility is it to protect nature? 

Connect these ideas using one or more of the phrases in the box.

_________ the marriage process and the idea of marriage is unusual. ______ marrying, men

in Gloriavale choose which girl they want to marry from a group of women that leaders have

chosen for him. An example of this was reported in the Daily Mail Australia on 10 August 2015,

“Paul Valour who was arranged by the leaders to marry Pearl Hope after a ‘shortlist’ was devised

by leaders to decipher which women which are not too very close to Paul for him to bear healthy

children”. This is unlike other Christian groups where both male and females have more freedom

of choice. In the same article Pearl said that she “loves whoever God wants her to”, “God” here

means the leaders and this  feels like brainwashing to me. Women in the community are most

likely to feel pressured as if they reject the chosen spouse because they are not only denying

God’s will but also the leaders. After marriage, documentaries and interviews show people in

the community accept that women were nothing but weak vessels for the men to use. 

Answers

Secondly, the marriage process and the idea of marriage is unusual. Before marrying, men in

Gloriavale choose which girl they want to marry from a group of women that leaders have chosen for him. An example of this was reported in the Daily Mail Australia on 10 August

2015,“Paul Valour who was arranged by the leaders to marry Pearl Hope after a ‘shortlist’ was devised by leaders to decipher which women which are not too very close to Paul for him to bear healthy children”. This is unlike other Christian groups where both male and females have more freedom of choice. In the same article Pearl said that she “loves whoever God wants her to”, “God” here means the leaders and this  feels like brainwashing to me. Women in the community are most likely to feel pressured as if they reject the chosen spouse because they are not only denying God’s will but also the leaders. After marriage, documentaries and interviews show people in the community accept that women were nothing but weak vessels for the men to use.